Use of Finite Element Analysis to determine Liability

Case study #2

Consignment consisted of X-Ray Inspection Equipment. Upon arrival at customer’s premises, structural damage to machine enclosure was observed. Machine was declared Total Loss by Supplier’s Technical Personnel.

Underwriters appointed Shomroni International Marine Surveyors to assess damage and liability therefor.

Inspection results
Having inspected subject crate and contents, as well as perusing documentation, Surveyor was of the opinion that Supplier lacked sufficient know-how as regards sensitivity of unit. Said unit was, possibly, not geared or tested for overseas transportation, or required more sophisticated packing and attention.

Finite Element Analysis Description
To test Surveyor's hypothesis, a Finite Element Analysis was conducted to evaluate extent of force inflicted upon machine structure assembly. Various scenarios of the equipment handling (e.g. packaging operations, ground transportation) were investigated which determined whether the enclosure could withstand loads resulting from these operations with adequate margin of safety. Analysis was performed using Ansys Finite Element Code.

Conclusions from Analytical Report
Results of above analysis, carried out by Surveyor, together with appointed specialist Engineer, revealed that an impact of less than a G force of 1.25G could result in failure of a single joint connection, which could lead to failure of remaining connections. A 1.25G impact is not uncommon in ground transportation (bumpy road, emergency braking, etc.). Therefore, damage to the machine enclosure was probable, and structural margin of safety was inadequate.

Cause of Damage
Surveyor concluded that unit had sustained damages, notwithstanding customary procedures and routes followed throughout. Therefore, Supplier was liable for damages incurred.



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